The facility was renamed "Cape Canaveral Space Force Station" in December, 2020. Ĭape Canaveral was known as Cape Kennedy Air Force Station from 1964 to 1974, and as Cape Canaveral Air Force Station from 1974 to 1994 and from 2000 to 2020. Portions of the base have been designated a National Historic Landmark for their association with the early years of the American space program. It was also the launch site for all of the first spacecraft to (separately) fly past each of the planets in the Solar System (1962–1977), the first spacecraft to orbit Mars (1971) and roam its surface (1996), the first American spacecraft to orbit and land on Venus (1978), the first spacecraft to orbit Saturn (2004), and to orbit Mercury (2011), and the first spacecraft to leave the Solar System (1977). uncrewed lunar landing (1966), and first three-man U.S. astronaut in orbit (1962), first two-man U.S. The Cape Canaveral Space Force Station Skid Strip provides a 10,000-foot (3,000 m) runway close to the launch complexes for military airlift aircraft delivering heavy and outsized payloads to the Cape.Ī number of American space exploration pioneers were launched from CCSFS, including the first U.S.
The facility is south-southeast of NASA's Kennedy Space Center on adjacent Merritt Island, with the two linked by bridges and causeways. Headquartered at the nearby Patrick Space Force Base, the station is the primary launch site for the Space Force's Eastern Range with three launch pads currently active (Space Launch Complexes 37B, 40, and 41). On July 20, 1969, the Apollo 11 astronauts-Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin Jr.-realized President Kennedy's dream.Cape Canaveral Space Force Station ( CCSFS) is an installation of the United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 45, located on Cape Canaveral in Brevard County, Florida. Its goal was to land humans on the Moon and assure their safe return to Earth. Its goals were to perfect the entry and re-entry maneuvers of a spacecraft and conduct further tests on how individuals are affected by long periods of space travel. The Apollo Program followed Project Gemini. Project Gemini was the second NASA spaceflight program. To the MoonĪs space exploration continued through the 1960s, the United States was on its way to the Moon. Each mission lasted longer than the one before and gathered more data. By May 1963, astronauts Scott Carpenter, Walter Schirra Jr., and L. Medical researchers, engineers, test pilots, machinists, factory workers, businessmen, and industrialists from across the country worked together to achieve this goal. Glenn's success helped inspire the great army of people working to reach the Moon. After more than four hours in space, having circled the earth three times, Glenn piloted the Friendship 7 back into the atmosphere and landed in the Atlantic Ocean near Bermuda.
Launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida, the Friendship 7 capsule carrying Glenn reached a maximum altitude of 162 miles and an orbital velocity of 17,500 miles per hour. became the first American to orbit Earth. Within a year, however, Alan Shepard and Gus Grissom became the first two Americans to travel into space. Skeptics questioned the ability of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to meet the president's timetable. On May 25, 1961, he stood before Congress to deliver a special message on "urgent national needs." He asked for an additional $7 billion to $9 billion over the next five years for the space program, proclaiming that "this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before the decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the earth." President Kennedy settled upon this dramatic goal as a means of focusing and mobilizing the nation's lagging space efforts. President Kennedy understood the need to restore America's confidence and intended not merely to match the Soviets, but surpass them. The United States, it seemed, was still falling behind. Then, in 1961, the nation suffered another shock when Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first man to orbit the Earth. Project Mercury's goals were to orbit a manned spacecraft around Earth, investigate the ability of astronauts to function in space, and recover astronauts and spacecraft safely. Seven men were selected to take part in the program: Scott Carpenter, Leroy Gordon Cooper, John Glenn Jr., Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Walter Schirra Jr., Alan Shepard Jr., and Donald "Deke" Slayton. The Soviets' triumph jarred the American people and sparked a vigorous response in the federal government to make sure the United States did not fall behind its Communist rival.Ī new space program, Project Mercury, was initiated two years later, during President Dwight D.
In 1957, the Soviet Union launched the satellite Sputnik, and the space race was on.
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